Monday, August 13, 2012

Hayden Robel’s AP English Literature and Composition Active reading notes The Poisonwood Bible (By Barbara Kingsolver)


The Poisonwood Bible:  Book One: Genesis Notes

·       1. Notable elements of literature/ chapter response, “analysis”:
o       After the exhaustive Pride and Prejudice note entries I have decided that (at least for this novel) I would, rather then focus particularly on the exact minute details of plot/ giving pleonastic responses or summaries, emphasize (with brevity) the generalities/subtleties of the Author’s respective style/rhetoric/thematical development. In other words probably the exact same structure as Pride and prejudice entries without individual, reductionist, chapter responses (instead I will be giving more holistic Book responses). Anyways, let’s begin.
o       Again, after the arguably blunt, flowerless, prose of Jane Austen’s 17th century style, Miss Kingsolver’s rich (nearly biblical…) writing is extremely welcoming/easier to follow with modernized text (within the realms of half a century writing countering two centuries with Austen).
o       From the outset I am intrigued by this novel’s structure not only emulating a “Book” divided bible structure (complete with bible excerpts/proverbs preceding) but more so I am interested by its individual narrators. Each piece told by a differing character? (in Africa no less, more interesting  then Elizabethan England or our own homeland that’s for sure) Sign me up.
o       Introduced byway of a seemingly cold omniscient narrator (Orleanna the mother as she later claims) Orleanna describes this “bible” as essentially a recount of her time in the rural Congolese village of Kilanga. I can already tell (as it is connoted by Orleanna’s dark/guilty tone she begins with) something “bad” has or will in the course of the story transpire to her family (“mother of children living and dead”)
o       Also the father is definitely a stable character (and I don’t mean stable as in a solid foundation or horse corral) he is an archetype of a zealot missionary ready “cleanse” the masses of their paganistic ways. Fitting as he is one.
o       More strong willed/diverse female leads with the Price children? Beginning to see a pattern between Pride and  Prejudice



·       2. Notable writing tools, techniques and rhetoric:
o       “…mother of children living and dead.” Foreshadowing! Not just that this supports my mentioning of Orleana’s dark/guilty tone. It obvious something will/has happened.
o       “And in reply a choir of seedlings arching their necks out of rotted tree trunks sucking the life out of death. The forest eats itself and lives forever.” Depressing, or biblical perhaps (it reminds me of the dark tone of Cormack McCarthy’s The Road) Kingsolver’s writing denotes the guilt-ridden voice of Orleanna with descriptive yet somewhat unnerving imagery. I like it!
o       “One has only a life of one’s own.” Orleanna to her daughters confirms my belief that Mr. Price will be a zealot no doubt she even stating “I married a man who could never love me. Probably. It would have trespassed on his devotion to all mankind”.
o       “We aimed for no more than to have dominion over every creature that moved upon the earth. And so it came to pass that we stepped down there on a place we believed unformed, where only darkness moved on the face of the waters.” Kingsolver connotes the idea of many cultures who endeavor to enlighten another with religious quests of evangelism. Like all who have quest before them, the Prices believe themselves to derive from an advanced/cultured, a superior civilization and are unquestioning in their position as superior to said “uncivilized peoples”, like the Kilanga kind. Bet this will be expanded upon.  


·       3. Other (notable quotations, miscellaneous, etc.):
o       “That one time and no other the Okapi came to the stream, and I was the only one to see it.” Okapi? I didn’t know this was fantasy.

The Poisonwood Bible: The things we carried Notes

·       1. Notable elements of literature/ chapter response, “analysis”:
o       Again I’m liking the transition of narration, it not only gives breath to the reader with variety but also allows Kingsolver to visit a plethora of themes. Thus is her intention no doubt.
o       Leah gives way the title the things we carried describing the various “essential” items the Prices pack and even go as far as smuggle to beat the limits. Funny, even she doubts their necessity and rather perceives them as a burden, a relevant theme to our time period as we today cant go without amenities like electricity, etc. while other cultures (the Kilangas for example) not only survive but are content, happy with minimal materials. Relevant indeed.
o       “Jimmy Crow makes the laws.” (Ruth compares the segregated blacks of America to that of Africans) Ruth May is definitely only five, possessing a child’s innocuous yet often times clearer perspective of events/meanings is engaging and also belies the evangelist undertones of Mr. Price.
o       Wow. Rachel Price’s passage/perspective serves as an example of the apparent “superiority” / sensibilities (with Mr. Price criticizing the Kilangas for lack of clothes) that more “advanced” cultures wield over such “savages” as the Kilangas. I’m sensing some pride, maybe prejudice from this girl. 
o       I find it hilarious how Adah Price (but not hilarious is her condition) points out the ironic modesty of the Kilangas exposed breast to their negative reaction of the Price’s exposed legs. It goes to show the divisive differences of culture and the hypocritical aspect of an enlightened (like the Price’s) culture not understanding this fact.



·       2. Notable writing tools, techniques and rhetoric:
o       “This was the full measure of civilization’s evils we felt obliged to carry with us.” Leah expresses the presented idea above of an advanced civilization “needing” a array of accoutrement to feel safe/happy, while the “cultureless” Kilanga’s do not.
o       “Ham was the youngest one, like me, and he was bad. Sometimes I am bad too.” I like how Kingsolver completely changes the tone, structure, as well as general vernacular for each respective character piece. With Ruth May she literally deconstructs her structure to fit a child’s storytelling, stripping it of the biblical prose for a more simplified, clearer perspicacity.


·       3. Other (notable quotations, miscellaneous, etc.):
o       “My father was bringing the voice of god- which fortunately ways nothing at all.” Leah. God could the prose of this book be anymore unnerving, the tone is, whether intentional or not, reveling in a sense of impending consequence. Just a little perturbing. A little…

The Poisonwood Bible: The things we carried (Part deux?) notes

·       1. Notable elements of literature/ chapter response, “analysis”:
o       How laughable is Leah’s recount of her father (and thru him Kingsolver’s connotations) as he attempts to teach the natives agricultural ways, he getting taught himself (i.e the eponymous Poisonwood; a/the symbol!). This “Poisonwood” event (and after as Leah/ her father) connotes Kingsolver’s theme again of the blind pride or apparent superiority (the hubris) that the Prices or advanced civilizations say they possess. I’m glad Price got “bit”.   
o       The idea again that advanced cultures despite their “enlightened minds” cant comprehend or rather refuse to comprehend the natives practices/perspectives is again reflected in the symbol of the Price garden (and even the reverend’s failed baptisms due to the villages preoccupation with crocodiles in the local river) as they refused to hear out the villager’s aid (i.e. mounds under plants to prevent flat-ground flooding) as well as the fact that the Prices don’t realize why their garden doesn’t produce fruit, spreading like a purposeless vegetative virus. Subsequently Kingsolver uses the Price garden to symbolize said lack of honoring or even really hearing out the perspectives of the locals, the garden itself (of an advanced cultures providence) as useless as the Price’s evangelist, words of god (to the villagers lives).



·       2. Notable writing tools, techniques and rhetoric:
o       “OW! Great God Almighty, Orleanna. How did this curse come to me when it is God’s will to plant in the soil!” Kingsolver thru Mr. Price consolidates the symbolism of the garden expressed above as Mr. Price (through his God, symbolizing his culture’s beliefs, schemata) cant realize that his culture’s practices as well as perspective is as out of place and useless to the Kilanga’s as is his garden efforts.


·       3. Other (notable quotations, miscellaneous, etc.):
o       I’m going to eliminate this section because its essentially just a secluded addon bulletin of the above two. I might bring it back if something catches me (more so if I find something I can make “light” of : )

The Poisonwood Bible: Book Two: Revelation Notes

·       Notable elements of literature/ chapter response, “analysis”:
o       Will be doing my holistic entries now (i.e. analyzing what I deem specific in the individual Books)
o       Mr. Price is kind of an *expletive deleted* aside from really ignoring his family for his pursuit of missionary work he refuses to accept any of the local perspectives/ even politics as denoted in his argument over the CIA’s unabashed influence in the territory. Kingsolver delivers the theme of blind pride like Austen with Mr. Price.
o       I like how each sister (like real people instead of flat characters) possess their own perspectives on their father a well. Ruth May is blinded by her child like naïveté. Leah in some way is also blinded but more so by her culture and less directly her father’s religious views. And Adah who is somewhat nihilistic to her father and “his religion” the concept of a powerful and merciful god crippling her the source, no doubt, of her contempt for many of her civilization’s Christianized beliefs.
o       Pride, the sin of pride as Ruth may is punished for (with the owl eating souls being placed in her house etc.) and Jane Austen made parable centuries ago is key in Kingsolver’s story as well. Mr. Price, Kingsolver’s emblem of the evangelist west, is blinded like many of Austen’s characters as he demonstrates time and time again his refusal/dismissal of the wants and needs of the locals, physically and religiously. For one example the “owl” incident. He dubs it only a “superstition” held by the local’s paganistic primitive past thus allowing Ruth to parade around with the owl only to punish her for “boasting pride” later. Hmmm Maybe Mr. Price should whip himself with the belt of discipline as he depicts brazen pride ignoring the customs of locals just as the locals do Christianity, they most likely perceiving just a much foreign superstition as Mr. Price perceives their various alien (to him) customs. On a side note Leah is dismantling her previously pride-induced perspective with her appreciation of Nelson’s academic gifts (he learning English so quickly) as well as her realization of the whites wealth in the city as compared to that of locals when she travels to view the elections. Se I beginning to see although there are indeed “limits” to the natives amenities they are happy nonetheless.
o       Pride is also played again by Mr. Price when he refuses to flee the Congo as Orleanna pleads. They weren’t even “sanctioned” as we find out, I can only speculate then that in all actuality the Prices are there not on commission officially by the “Mission league” but Mr. Price’s own mission of blind godly efforts. HE so pride fully, solely wishing to cleanse/convert the Kilingas. I feel something bad will happen(as foreshadowed by the parrot “Methuselah’s” death “the parrot all but feathers left, a predator having so easily eaten prey.” And Tata’s “chicken bone before door” protection of the Price’s)



·       Notable writing tools, techniques and rhetoric:
o       “I can’t help but every night dream of their last breaths…” What a great mother! Orleanna basically foreshadows her previous statement that she is mother of children living and dead” even if she’s simply complaining about the lack of three course meals a day (she wising her children dead so she could eat comfortably) when such a feast is rarely if ever accomplished by the average villager.
o       “It’s a heavenly paradise in the Congo, and sometimes I want to live here forever.” Leah begins dismantling her pride as she begins to appreciate/understand the Kilanga culture.
o       “I wonder that religion can live or die on the strength of a faint, stirring breeze. The scent trail shifts, causing the predator to miss the pounce. One god draws in the breath of life and rises; another god expires.” Adah’s quote illustrates her growing lack of faith in her father’s beliefs/western culture here. Also the prose of Kingsolver is pervading with mastery of visual imagery, quenching my thirst after Pride and Prejudice.
o       “…the parrot all but feathers left, a predator having so easily eaten prey.” Yep something bad is coming with this ominous foreshadowing from Adah’s passage.


The Poisonwood Bible: Book Three: The Judges Notes

·       Notable elements of literature/ chapter response, “analysis”:
o       Hearing Orleanna’s guilt-ridden tone (again foreshadowing some event that is too occur as prophesized thus far) describe her past entwined with Mr. Price’s I cant help but somewhat sympathize now with his character. Although now his blind faith/pride is overt I can sympathize with his guilt over what happened in WWII, he needing to justify his survival in the eyes of god needing to “save as many souls that died that very day.” Still as Orleanna keeps prophesying, obviously his mission is going to end horribly.
o       Leah’s pride persists in its dissipation as she is given oranges and supplies by sympathetic villagers. She is “shocked by the magnamity of non-Christians.” Thus her view continues improving.  
o       It seems that Orleanna as well as Leah are beginning to evolve in terms of character. Each of them are no longer shackled by Mr. Price’s prideful visions and are now not only doubting the missionary beliefs but completely abandoning them (they trying to get out of the country against his will), not out of failure but realization that local customs are fit for local populations. ITS THERE LIVES AND THERE BELIEFS. Not Mr. Prices anymore. Hell I say go for Brother Fowles beliefs at this point, I like his perspective on the bible/ understanding of said above principle for the locals beliefs.
o       What a bunch of twists. Spontaneously proposed with marriage Rachel (who wouldn’t, unlike her father, outright refuse marriage for that would upset local beliefs) as well as the revelation of the plans to assassinate the new Congolese president! Kingsolver is undoubtedly unmasking the ugly human nature of the west (and of course all nations, all humans at least…) trying to gain political control (as history documents) in the Congo.
o       How ironic (again!) as Mr. Price gives sermons of plagues (“befell by man for his many sins”) Kilanga experiences one of there own. Each character is deconstructed to their most basic of beliefs thru Kingsolver’s clever execution of their actions. Rachel is the only sister (aside from the innocent Ruth May maybe) who really doesn’t evolve during this crisis and rather devolves to her truthful disposition as her mirror shatters in the shuffle of her selfish flight, she literally seeing a shattered reflection of herself (and thusly the fractured aspects of her basic character, she being self-obsessed). Anatole acts as the engine for both Adah and Leah’s evolution as he saves both of the girls. Orleanna’s choice of Ruth May over Adah is significant as it marks Adah’s utter contempt/faith now for her parent’s beliefs/ religious life in general. Leah literally loses all faith after Anatole saves and debates with her. She realizing the ugly human face of the west (the US concocting to kill the new president for political gain, really the resources of Congolese land) as well as her once pure religion (which is synonymous of course with the US in whole during the morally Manichean 60s). She continuing on her trend of pride/ even prejudice demolishment.     



·       Notable writing tools, techniques and rhetoric:
o       “We are going to make the Congo, for all of Africa, the heart of light!” The new Congolese president sounds similar to Mr. Price in terms of rallying missionary zeal. Kingsolver uses the diction of “light” to further correlate the similarities of the two.
o       “When I finally got up with sharp grains imbedded in my knees, I found, to my surprise, that I no longer believed in God.” Adah here confirms her disbelief for a god who punishes a human being with such handicaps.
o       “Tata, Jesus is bangala.” Adah points out Kingsolver’s intention that Mr. Price is blinded by faith by relentlessly thrusting religion onto the people of Kilanga. As Mr. Price says the above words, Adah clarifies it could either mean “Jesus is precious.” Or “Jesus is a poisonwood tree.” If said too fast. This is of course how Mr. Price vocalizes it. The poisonwood tree symbol recurring, also referring to (with the word “Jesus” as the specific representational diction of Christianity/western influence in general) Mr. Price’s vain missionary efforts, his swift refusal of all things Kilanga, with the poisonwood just like his non-indigenous garden having no beneficial impact/effect for the people.
o       “The wonder to me now is that I thought myself worth saving. But I did....And if they chanced to look down and see my struggling underneath them, they saw that even the crooked girl believed her own life was precious. That is what it means to be a beast in the kingdom.” I’m actually uncertain of the meaning behind “That is what it means to be a beast in the kingdom” so I’ll be sure to ask questions on this (if I remember that is….: )


The Poisonwood Bible: Book Four: Bel and the Serpent Notes

·       Notable elements of literature/ chapter response, “analysis”:
o       This “beginning section” (at first I found myself liking Kingsolver’s chapter structure with books, but then I realized how ill conducive it is to note taking) is incredibly interesting for its depiction of not the Price’s pride really, but expanding upon the Kilanga’s very own variant. Granted different due to the harsh environmental extremes forcing the village to adapt appropriately, the Kilangan’s permutation of pride is indeed as potent as the Prices. For example before/during the fire hunt the village all but unanimously rejects the prospect of Leah participating in the hunt as it would go against their tribes beliefs, their customs,…religion. Later on Leah successfully ranks a kill but the tribe refuses to believe this and gives the kill honor to another male hunter (even though Nelson confirmed the in questioned killing-blow arrow was of Leah’s ammunition). Sounds like blind belief in not oldways, but their own religion, their own pride. I like how Kingsolver gave this juxtaposition, now the Prices/West aren’t completely villains. I was feeling guilty for being a “pampered” American for awhile.
o       Anatole is also expanded upon as a parallel to seemingly all the characters (including his own tribesman’s) myopic perspectives. Whether it be schooling Leah with a philosophical debate, or even hilariously defeating Mr. Price as he asks for a vote to see if “Jesus” (Christianity as Kingsolver blatantly uses the diction) should be accepted in the village (to which there is a resounding NO) I’m beginning to favor (and understand why Leah does) Anatole as the saving grace of this cast. He’s open minded, not blinded by faiths (whether his Kilangan or Christ) and respectfully hears out/ analyzes both sides. He has toppled this pride (I say this because Pride is an inseparable element of man, a biological constant that allows us to continue to exist, jungle or concrete one otherwise…I sound really pedantic)
o        Tata’s words about keeping balance with nature reflects quite differently from our modern day view, where it seems all we do, all we must do is spread and consume. Think about it. All animals have evolved to the extent of living in harmony with their habitat’s ecosystems/resources/fellow organisms. That is all except man. Is man therefore an animal? The human animal?
o       Leah’s (as well as the other involved sister’s) depict further their nearly vanished pride as they help out Nelson who is frightened by continual omens outside his home. I can’t help but scoff at Mr. Price’s ridiculous lack of an open mind for someone so “enlightened”
o       …..And thus I understand the metaphor behind the Book chapter title as well as Ruth May’s continual Black Mamba references….I expected thru all this foreshadowing it to involve her in someway (Kingsolver couldn’t help but go for a bit of sensationalism by victimizing a child) but this was some cruel execution on Kingsolver’s part. Her death isn’t what surprised me but her father’s reaction (which I echo Leah in a sense, she now “denouncing” him as I have; he being just like any other man can, the capacity to be an “ugly man”) coldly caring only for Ruth Mays’ lack of baptism  and later baptizing Kilangan children in the drought ending  rain. His hubris and blinded pride is irredeemable to me now, even as I understood the source of his zeal I can’t help but utterly despise him. (even Mrs. Bennet was laughably sympathetic in her follies) All I can say is……*expletive deleted*



·       Notable writing tools, techniques and rhetoric:
o       “The death of something living is the price of our own survival, and we pay it again and again. We have no choice. It is the one solemn promise every life on earth is born and bound to keep.” Kingsolver details another seeming revelation experienced by Adah in this quote. She realizing that in order for something to live, something must die, this is relevant to her burgeoning thought process (really reflection) on her own life after the “ant plague thing…” she learning the value of her own life is tantamount to any other, no matter relationship with god, people, or even species (i.e. the “skinned” insects) this is my interpretation at least.   
o       “Don’t expect God’s protection in places beyond God’s dominion. It will only make you feel punished....when things go badly, you will blame yourself....Don’t try to make life a mathematics problem with yourself in the center and everything coming out equal. When you are good, bad things can still happen. And if you are bad, you can still be lucky.” Anatole is indeed a symbol in and of himself. Kingsolver really characterizes the Kilangan (?) as a wise young man (assuming he’s near the sisters age but I’m guessing) here he displays his personal beliefs about the realism of the world, the actuality of reality wherein the good guy doesn’t always when and the bad guy gets away often. He’s not blinded like Mr. Price in any philosophical tunnel-vision.

The Poisonwood Bible: Book Five: Exodus Notes

·       Notable elements of literature/ chapter response, “analysis”:
o       Thank *insert any non-denominational diety/figure here* the Price women leave en masse exodus (ha…see what I did there?....I’m getting tired again…) from Mr. Price. Mr. Price persists (as Fowles states still in Kilanga) throughout the novel as a symbol of blinded perspectives of pride, toiling away to cleanse/purify a people (who never asked) who already possess their own equally prideful perspicacity.
o       Leah (I’m glad) eventually marries with Anatole and serves as another figure alongside that of Elizabeth Bennet/Darcy that have conquered there domineering forces of prejudices/pride, her evolution by far the most dynamic/decisive. Growing up from a little girl following/fearing her father to denouncing him and his blinded version of faith.  She even names one of her kids “Nataniel” after Nathaniel her father in the name of forgiveness!
o       Rachel on the other side of the Price women spectrum continued in her devolution to her mot fundamental of human facets. She remained selfish/self-absorbed as she “married” Axelroot (she still selfish as she wants to marry his best friend who can pull strings for her to achieve power/position in apartheid society and then divorces said man for another power acquisition; echoes Pride and Prejudice) Kingsolver like Austen utilized an entire character to portray reality of many individuals lack of empathy/awareness of others *cough cough* Mrs. Bennet or even Lydia. She actually becomes worse with her acceptance/embrace of racism.
o       Without the blinds of her father’s religion (her faith being science) Adah literally conquers her own disabilities throughout this book, finally realizing her handicaps to be a crux she relied upon for her own enabled cynicism. Good for you Adah. I enjoyed Kingsolver’s resolution of the character (Adah essentially made herself handicapped as she continued to believe her life was damned/worthless)
o       Kingsolver makes use of the symbolism of gardens/poisonwood with Orleanna becoming a renowned gardener. She adopting the native techniques once (and literally) stomped on by her husband previously. It seems gardening heals her wounds inflicted by Ruth May’s death.   



·       Notable writing tools, techniques and rhetoric:
o       “If you are the eyes in the trees, watching us as we walk away from Kilanga, how will you make your judgement? Lord knows after thirty years I still crave your forgiveness, but who are you? A small burial mound in the middle of Nathan’s garden, where vines and flowers have long since unrolled to feed insects and children. Is that what you are? Are you still my own flesh and blood, my last born, or are you now the flesh of Africa?” Orleanna’s guilt-ridden tone is now completely known to me as she questions the seeming surviving existence of her daughter even beyond death.
o       “My baby, my blood, my honest truth: entreat me not to leave thee, for whither thou goest, I will go. Where I lodge, we lodge together, Where I die, you’ll be buried at last.” Orleanna will not allow her guilt to leave, if she does she feels shed be letting go of Ruth May in someway. In my opinion, the only way to honor her memory would be to let you and her move on. Also with “goest” and “thee” Kingsolver reduces the vernacular to fit the book’s frequently biblical tone/diction. Also (again) this is an example of the figurative device of Apostrophe (so is the quote above) as Orleanna basically cries to Ruth May even whilst in death.

The Poisonwood Bible: Book six and seven Notes

·       Notable elements of literature/ chapter response, “analysis”:
o       “Walk forward into the light,” Ruth May’s (as well as the books) last hurrah illuminates Kingsolver’s ultimate goals (or at least what I believe it to be) for The Poisonwood Bible. A family with wildly differing perspectives, prejudices, as well as their own prides (varying in types/intensity) who eventually struggle thru their various binds/blinds emplaced by their previous schemata’s (prejudice) some not even conquering said moral dilemmas. Leah following/fearing her father as well as god later achieves happiness byway of Anatole’s equally stunning philosophical journey (though he did remain constant, an anchor). Orleanna simply a follower as well as mother actually ends up narrating the book as a matter of healing (as well as garden tending) thus she is slowly vanquishing her own demons of guilt over Ruth May’s death. Rachel…yeah she devolved even more so ultimately feeling disconnected with the world (Kingsolver’s symbol of many in American culture who financially flourih yet posess a void unfillable by material?). Ruth May…she died but was the engine to this story’s fellow cast. And finally Adah, a cynic that mirrors many of today (too extent all of us) who begins believing her life to be valueless and damned by a non-existent deity. She too plays too Kingsolver’s overarching themes as she eliminates her handicapping and rationally realizes that all lives are equally precious while all the same worthless in value. In other words, in the end, Kingsolver connotes the theme of not just pride and prejudice in blind perspective, but the theme of “universal relativity” of universal subjectivity. No matter how you wish to prioritize/perceive the world, whether it be money/material (Rachel), zealous ideals of religion (Mr. Price), or a cynical/rationally rooted fact based reality (Adah) all of us withhold a “religion”. All of us have a subjective perspective, a mental monocle to which we ultimately blind ourselves yet are also our only way to see. The world, society, life all is defined by your own perspective to which you validate your value/existence within. All of us have a “religion”. All of us have, like the prices, have our own set of rules, have our own tenets and ultimately fallible/malleable dogmas that the foundation of our own world (as there is a world for every individual mind) is constructed upon. All of us have our own “bible”. Question is, will you look, find, and see, will you walk forward…into the light
?



·       Notable writing tools, techniques and rhetoric:
o       “Betrayal bent me in one direction while guilt bent her the other way. We constructed our lives around a misunderstanding, and if ever I tried to pull it out and fix it now I would fall down flat. Misunderstanding is my cornerstone. It’s everyone’s come to think of it. Illusions mistaken for truth are the pavement under our feet. They are what we call civilization.” Adah supports my claim of “universal subjectivity” as she describes her epiphany, realization of said truth. Kingsolver connotes the idea that the Prices were blinded by their prideful perspicacity, and if ever that pride was in jeopardy, the ground would crumble beneath their feet. Their respective warped worlds would become endangered and collapse. Just like many in civilization today, Adah was once blinded by a self-imposed cataract that blurred her view of the world, twisting reality into a set of subconsciously, carefully, constructed illusions. I’m glad she found then closed her “bible” finding the “light”.  
o       “What happened to us in the Congo was simply the bad luck of two opposite worlds crashing into each other, causing tragedy. After something like that, you can only go your own way according to what’s in your heart. And in my family, all our hearts seem to have whole different things inside.” Leah describes Kingsolver’s agenda to depict numerous differing perspectives, numerous differing prides, differing religions, and “bibles”. I believe Leah found the threshold of light, and walked forward.





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